定语从句初中英语知识点
一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。 (1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的.男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) (2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师 (4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。 2、由which, that引导的从句 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如： (1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在从句中作主语) (2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语) 注意： 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which： a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时; b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略; c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时; d)先行词中既有人又有物时; e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时; f)当先行词为物并作表语时; g)先行词为one时; h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时; 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born. 3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 ，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 常见考法 对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。 典型例题： You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who B. whom C. whom D. who 解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略. 答案：D 误区提醒 当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。 典型例题： I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 解析：两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句. 答案：A
初三英语:定语从句知识点归纳
定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住： 1.what不能引导定语从句. 2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。 一.指人的`关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析： Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist. MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing. Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.(=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.)注： A．指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1．先行词为one、ones或anyone (1)ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard. (2)Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished. 2．先行词为these时 ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool. 3．在therebe开头的句子中 Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou. 4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。 Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards. 5．在非限制性定语从句中 A.Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan. B.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。 二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.试分析： 1.Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun. 2.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood. 3.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.) 4.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhichfacesouth.) 注： A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that. (1).Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor. (2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing. B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。 Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor? Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi. Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson.
